Tsezian etymology : Query result

Proto-Tsezian: *hɨrɔc̣

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 copper 2 brass

Tsezi: hiroc̣ 1

Khvarshi: heroc̣ (Radzhibov)

Inkhokvari: hɨroc̣ 2

Comments: PTsKh *hɨroc̣.

Proto-Tsezian: *hɨ̃s ( ~ ǝ̃,ẽ,s:)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: autumn wool

Tsezi: his

Khvarshi: hãs

Inkhokvari: hõs

Comments: PTsKh *hǝ̃s.

Proto-Tsezian: *hɨs:V(nu) B

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: manger, feeding-trough

Tsezi: hisonu

Bezhta: hiso

Gunzib: ɨ̃s

Comments: PGB *[h]ɨ̃sV (cf. also Bezht. Tlad. hĩso). There are some problems with the Gunz. form: in the MSU recordings there are variations ɨ̃s / ǝ̃s (of which ɨ̃s seems to be the correct one). Not quite clear is the reflex *h- > ʔ- in Gunzib: perhaps it should be explained by a merger of two roots, one of which has a separate parallel in Darg.: Ak. harš 'cradle' (for Ak. harš and Gunz. ɨ̃s a protoform like *Hālś_V can be postulated - it remains dubious, however, because of the scarcity of reflexes).

Proto-Tsezian: *hõže (~-ž:-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: well, all right

Gunzib: hõže

Comments: Attested only in Gunz., with possible Lezg. parallels.

Proto-Tsezian: *hɔdV (~ ħ-, -a-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: instrument, tool

Bezhta: hada

Comments: Since this root is used in Andian languages both to denote 'thing' and the interrogative pronoun 'what', it seems quite probable that it was also used by the Tsez. language (in a reduplicated shape) for some of its interrogative pronouns: Tsez. didiju 'which', didu-r 'how'.

Proto-Tsezian: *hɔru A

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: elbow

Tsezi: horu

Ginukh: horu

Khvarshi: hal (Radzhibov)

Inkhokvari: hol

Bezhta: hajo

Gunzib: hɔru

Comments: PTsKh *hoRu (with an unclear vocalic reflex in Khvarshi), PGB *hɔru (cf. also Bezht. Khosh. haro).

Proto-Tsezian: *hɔ̃s: ( ~ -s)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: pole

Inkhokvari: hõs

Comments: Attested only in Inkh., but having probable external parallels.

Proto-Tsezian: *hũc̣ɔ / *hũcɔ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 grasshopper 2 ant

Khvarshi: hũc̣u 1

Inkhokvari: hõc̣u 1

Bezhta: hũca 2

Gunzib: hũco 2

Comments: PTsKh *hũc̣o; PGB *hũcɔ (cf. also Gunz. (Gunz.) hũcu 'ant'; Bezht. (Tlad.) huc̣a id. goes back to a PGB variant *hũc̣ɔ).

Proto-Tsezian: *hũc̣V (~ ħ-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: wedge, stake

Bezhta: hũc̣u

Gunzib: hũc̣o (Nakh.)

Comments: PGB *hũc̣V (cf. also Bezht. Khosh. huc̣a id.).

Proto-Tsezian: *huhudu / *hohodu

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: owl

Bezhta: huhudo

Gunzib: hohodu

Comments: PGB *huhudu / *hohodu.

Proto-Tsezian: *hũƛ̣- ( ~ ħ-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: wide, spacious

Bezhta: hũƛ̣ƛ̣o (Tlad.)

Comments: Attested only in Bezht. (cf. also Khosh. huƛ̣-ijo), with a probable Avar parallel.

Proto-Tsezian: *hũL

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: yesterday

Tsezi: ħuʎ

Ginukh: huʎ / wuʎ

Khvarshi: hiʎ-χo (Radzhibov)

Inkhokvari: huni-ža

Bezhta: hũʎ (Tlad.)

Gunzib: hũl

Comments: PTsKh *hũL (Inkh. huni- < *hũli-); PGB *hũL (cf. also Bezht. Khosh. huʎ).

Proto-Tsezian: *hunV A

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: road

Tsezi: huni

Ginukh: hune

Khvarshi: huni

Inkhokvari: hune

Bezhta: hino

Gunzib: huni

Comments: PTsKh *hunV, PGB *huni (with vowel metathesis in Bezht.).

Proto-Tsezian: *hũṭ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 wart, nipple 2 (excrescence, lip) > mouth

Tsezi: huṭ 2

Ginukh: huṭ 2

Khvarshi: hũṭ 2

Gunzib: huṭ 1

Comments: PTsKh *hũṭ. Cf. also Gunz. Nakh. hũṭ 'wart', nenos hũṭ 'nipple'.

Proto-Tsezian: *ħal(u)-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: white

Tsezi: aluḳa

Ginukh: aldiju

Khvarshi: aluḳa

Inkhokvari: aluḳa

Bezhta: häldijö

Gunzib: haldu

Comments: PTsKh *ʔal(u)-, PGB *hal- (the root is expanded by adjective markers -ḳa or -dV).

Proto-Tsezian: *ħam(u)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: coal

Tsezi: ʕam

Ginukh: amu

Khvarshi: am

Inkhokvari: aIm

Bezhta: hamo

Gunzib: hĩjamu

Comments: PTsKh *ʕam(u); PGB *hamu (and *ham-iju, with metathesis > Gunz. hĩjamu; cf. also Bezht. Khosh. hämö, Tlad. ħämö). The correspondence of laryngeals is not quite regular (one would expect ʔ-, not ʕ-, in Tsez.).

Proto-Tsezian: *ħas:

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: sky, cloud, fog

Tsezi: as

Ginukh: as

Khvarshi: as

Inkhokvari: as

Bezhta: has

Gunzib: has

Comments: PTsKh *ʔas, PGB *has. Used also in compound with PTs *mus: A 'smoke, fog' q.v.

Proto-Tsezian: *ħatχ:a

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: eye secretion

Tsezi: atħa

Khvarshi: ħatχa (Radzhibov)

Inkhokvari: atχa

Gunzib: hatχa

Comments: PTsKh *ʔatχa (with a specific development of the unique cluster *-tχ- in Tsez.).

Proto-Tsezian: *ħãṭolV B

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 worm, helminth 2 snail

Inkhokvari: ãṭeru 2

Bezhta: haṭola 1

Proto-Tsezian: *ħaṭu

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 wheat 2 flour 3 a k. of grass

Tsezi: aṭ 1,2

Ginukh: aṭ 1,2

Khvarshi: aṭ 2

Inkhokvari: aṭ 1,2

Bezhta: haṭo 3

Gunzib: haṭu 2

Comments: PTsKh *ʔaṭ, PGB *haṭu (cf. also Bezht. Khosh. häṭijo 'flour'). The variation of meanings is characteristic: "a k. of grass" (*'wild cereal') / "wheat" / "flour".